Software

Unveiling Java 21: Oracle’s Quantum Leap in AI-Driven Development

Unveiling Java 21: Oracle’s Quantum Leap in AI-Driven Development
  • Oracle releases the new Java 21 to boost productivity, performance, and AI/ML support.
  • Its features include string templates, record patterns, virtual threads, and more.
  • Java 21 introduces the Vector API and aims to be the go-to for ML libraries.

Oracle unveiled Java 21, marking the second update to the programming language in 2023, following Java 20's release in March. The latest iteration of Java brings a slew of enhancements designed to boost developer productivity and application performance and cater to artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) development needs. Notably, Oracle's commitment to long-term support for Java 21, spanning at least eight years, aims to provide organizations with flexibility in migrating their applications. Additionally, support for Java 11 has been extended until January 2032.

Key updates in Java 21 include:

  1. JEP 430: String Templates (Preview): Simplifying Java program development by enabling the incorporation of real-time-calculated values into strings
  2. JEP 440: Record Patterns (Third Preview): Empowering developers to expand pattern matching for complex data queries, enhancing productivity
  3. JEP 441: Pattern Matching for Switch: Enhancing the efficiency and reliability of projects by enriching the semantic nature of Java
  4. JEP 443: Unnamed Patterns and Variables (Preview): Improving code readability and maintainability by enhancing record patterns
  5. JEP 439: Generational Z Garbage Collector (ZGC): Boosting developer productivity by reducing heap memory overhead and garbage collection CPU requirements
  6. JEP 444: Virtual Threads: Optimizing the creation, maintenance, and monitoring of high-throughput, concurrent applications with lightweight virtual threads
  7. JEP 446: Scoped Values (Preview): Enabling sharing of immutable data within and across threads
  8. JEP 448: Vector API (Sixth Incubator): Introducing an API for reliable runtime compilation of vector computations on supported CPU architectures
  9. JEP 453: Structured Concurrency (Preview): Streamlining error handling, cancellation, improving reliability, and enhancing observability

A standout feature in Java 21 is the finalization of virtual threads (JEP 444) within Project Loom, according to Georges Saab, Oracle's senior vice president of Oracle Java Platform and chair of the OpenJDK governing board. Virtual threads simplify the development of scalable and responsive applications, especially for those not well-versed in low-level threading APIs. This feature allows libraries and frameworks to build highly concurrent applications without requiring direct thread management, facilitating the creation of scalable programs that harness all available CPUs.

Georges Saab, Oracle's senior vice president of Oracle Java Platform and chair of the OpenJDK governing board, reportedly remarked,

Our answer is, we don't want to add a machine learning library, we want to make Java the platform to run all machine learning libraries on.

[Source – IT Pro Today]

Java 21 is geared toward AI, with JEP 448's introduction of a vector API as a prominent AI-focused feature. This API aids runtime execution, an essential component in modern AI applications utilizing vector embeddings in databases. Furthermore, projects like Valhalla, Panama, and improvements to the garbage collector aim to support AI and ML workloads by optimizing Java for processing large, intricate datasets. The overarching goal is to make Java the platform of choice for running all machine learning libraries, rather than adding a standalone machine learning library to the language.

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